From: Evidence for harm reduction in COPD smokers who switch to electronic cigarettes
COPD Controls | COPD E-Cig users | Baseline P-value between groups | |
---|---|---|---|
Agec | 65.3 (±5.5) | 66.9 (±6.7) | 0.350 |
Sex | 21 M, 3 F | 20 M, 4 F | - |
COPD GOLD stage | |||
Stage 1 | 3 | 2 | - |
Stage 2 | 5 | 6 | - |
Stage 3 | 11 | 10 | - |
Stage 4 | 5 | 6 | - |
post-BD FEV1b (L) | 1.47 (1.13, 1.72) | 1.25 (0.94, 1.78) | 0.298 |
post-BD FVCb (L) | 2.39 (2.1, 2.64) | 2.37 (2, 2.65) | 0.902 |
%FEV1/FVCc | 56.2 (±10.3) | 59.4 (±8.4) | 0.244 |
Pack years of smokingc | 51.7 (±9.9) | 52.4 (±10.7) | 0.365 |
Cig/dayc | 20.5 (±3.3) | 21.8 (±4.4) | 0.228 |
CAT scoreb | 20.5 (17.8, 24.3) | 21.5 (17.8, 25.3) | 0.710 |
COPD Exacerbationsa, c | 2.1 (±1.1) | 2.3 (±1) | 0.440 |
Co-morbidities | |||
Respiratory failure | 5 | 6 | |
CHF | 3 | 3 | |
CHD | 2 | 3 | |
Hypertension | 9 | 8 | |
Diabetes | 4 | 5 | |
OSAS | 6 | 3 | |
Chronic Kidney Failure | 1 | 0 | |
Liver cirrhosis | 1 | 0 | |
Lung cancer | 0 | 1 | |
Pulmonary hypertension | 0 | 1 | |
GERD | 3 | 2 | |
Degenerative joint disease | 2 | 4 | |
Osteoporosis | 2 | 1 | |
Depression/Anxiety | 2 | 4 |