Healthy never smokers | Healthy active smokers | COPD active smokers | COPD former smokers | P Value | Pairwise with P < 0.05 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(ANOVA) | |||||||
N | 18 | 12 | 25 | 12 | |||
Age (mean, SD) | 47 ± 9 | 52 ± 8 | 58 ± 9 | 68 ± 8 | < 0.001 | HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CFS, CS-CFS | |
Gender N (%) | |||||||
Male | 11 (61%) | 6 (50%) | 19 (76%) | 9 (75%) | 0.387 | ||
Female | 7 (39%) | 6 (50%) | 6 (24%) | 3 (25%) | |||
Race N (%) | |||||||
Caucasian | 13 (72%) | 4 (27%) | 14 (56%) | 8 (67%) | 0.185 | ||
African-American | 5 (28%) | 8 (63%) | 11 (44%) | 4 (33%) | |||
Chronic bronchitis N (%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (18%) | 13 (52%) | 6 (50%) | < 0.001 | HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CS | |
Spirometry | |||||||
FEV1 (L) (Mean, SD) | 3.55 ± 1.02 | 2.92 ± 0.82 | 2.03 ± 0.73 | 1.23 ± 0.40 | < 0.001 | HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CS, HS-CFS, CS-CFS | |
FEV 1 % pred (Mean, SD) | 1.03 ± 0.10 | 0.97 ± 0.12 | 0.60 ± 0.16 | 0.41 ± 0.18 | < 0.001 | HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CS, HS-CFS, CS-CFS | |
Pack-years (Mean, SD) | 0 | 31.08 ± 14 | 38 ± 19 | 44 ± 19 | <0.0001 | HNS-HS, HNS-CS, HNS-CFS | |
MMRC (Mean, SD) | 0.06 ± .236 | 0.83 ± .577 | 1.96 ± 1.197 | 2.83 ± 1.03 | < 0.001 | HNS-HS, HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CS, HS-CFS, CS-CFS | |
BCSS (Mean, SD) | 0.06 ± 0.236 | 0.75 ± 0.965 | 3.46 ± 3.007 | 2.67 ± 2.43 | < 0.001 | HNS-CS, HNS-CFS, HS-CS, HS-CFS |