Figure 4From: Effective pulmonary delivery of an aerosolized plasmid DNA vaccine via surface acoustic wave nebulizationSAW nebulization preserves the integrity of pDNA. Atomic force microscopy (a, b) and ethidium bromide agarose gel electrophoresis (c) of pVR1020–PyMSP4/5 (a) before and (b) after nebulization. Lane M: 1 kbp DNA ladder; control lanes 1 and 4, recovered pDNA post-30 MHz lanes 2 and 5, and post-20 MHz SAW nebulization lanes 3 and 6 are each at 85 and 50 μg/ml concentrations, respectively. The proportion of (d) supercoiled (SC), open circular (OC) and fragmented pDNA quantifies the damage (n=3). Bars represent the mean of trplicate samples with error bars indicating the standard error of the mean. Data is representative of three independent experiments.Back to article page