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Table 6 Potential functional roles suggested by published studies in vitro and in vivo

From: Surfactant protein-D and pulmonary host defense

Anti-inflammatory

   Regulation of inflammatory response to microorganisms and

   microbial products

   `Neutralization' of LPS/altered presentation of LPS to host cells

   Regulation of pulmonary oxidant metabolism

Antimicrobial

   Enhanced opsonization and killing of some organisms

   Decreased internalization of some intracellular pathogens

   Enhanced microbial agglutination with enhanced physical or

   cellular clearance

   Enhanced inflammatory response to SP-D/microbial complexes

   Altered microbial growth

Immunomodulatory

   Decreased proliferative response of lymphocytes to various

   mitogens

   Altered presentation of antigens to specifically sensitized cells

Proinflammatory/repair

   Enhanced directed migration or airspace retention of phagocytes

   Altered macrophage production of metalloproteinases

Surfactant homeostasis

   Altered spatial organization of PI-enriched sub-fractions of

   surfactant lipid

   Normal cellular uptake and metabolism of surfactant lipid