Table 3 Changes in functional parameters, blood cells and markers of inflammation, induced sputum cells, EBC LTB 4 and GRO-α during an acute exacerbation phase and a stable phase of COPD
From: Increased of exhaled breath condensate neutrophil chemotaxis in acute exacerbation of COPD
Outpatients (n = 16) | Hospitalized patients (n = 11) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Exacerbated phase | Stable phase | Exacerbated phase | Stable phase | |
Functional parameters | ||||
FEV1, % predicted | 48.1 ± 2.9 | 56.8 ± 3.4**** | 36.1 ± 4.6 | 42.7 ± 5.9* |
FEV1/FVC % | 47.0 ± 3.3 | 49.0 ± 3.5 | 47.9 ± 2.6 | 49.7 ± 2.6 |
Blood | ||||
Leukocytes (per mL) | 8825 (5040) | 7045 (1862)* | 12660 (5560) | 8960 (4550)** |
Neutrophils (per mL) | 6670 (5093) | 4545 (2668)* | 9090 (5485) | 5890 (3720)** |
Neutrophils, % | 76.0 (8.4) | 64.4 (23.0)**** | 85.3 (14.8) | 68.5 (11.0)** |
Lymphocytes, % | 17.0 (10.1) | 23.6 (20.5)* | 9.6 (8.5) | 18.2 (5.7)* |
CRP (mg/L) | 21.4 (83.5) | 1.8 (2.0)*** | 8.0 (52.4) | 5.5 (6.0)* |
Fibrinogen (g/L) | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 3.4 ± 0.3*** | 4.7 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.4 |
Induced sputum | ||||
Squamous epithelial cells (%) | 0.0 (2.0) | 6.5 (9.5) | 10.0 (1.0) | 23.0 (4.0) |
Total non squamous cell count (x 106 cells/g sputum) | 13.1 (25.7) | 7.2 (8.8) | 5.4 (16.3) | 3.7 (6.2)* |
Neutrophils, % | 91.0 (7.6) | 81.1 (28.9)** | 82.0 (24.6) | 80.0 (19.5) |
Neutrophils count(x103/g sputum) | 11139.0 (24009.0) | 4688.0 (6655.0)* | 2107.4 (15597.0) | 2332.8 (4304.0) |
Macrophages, % | 4.5 (7.1) | 7.8 (14.0) | 10.0 (11) | 8.5 (9) |
Eosinophils, % | 0.4 (0.6) | 1.0 (1.7) | 0.5 (3.9) | 1.0 (9.8) |
Lymphocytes, % | 1.0 (1.0) | 2.0 (5.2) | 1.5 (2.5) | 1.5 (1.9) |
Exhaled breath condensate | ||||
LTB4 pg/mL | 66.0 (47) | 47.0 (29.0)** | 67.0 (36.0) | 47.0 (30.0) |
GRO alpha pg/mL | 56.1 (49.0) | 31.0 (29.0)** | 45.0 (46.0) | 15.1 (17.0)* |