Table 1 Study inclusion and exclusion criteria

Inclusion criteria

• Age > 29 days and < 12 years

AND at least one of the following:

• Rhinorrhoea

• Cough

• Wheeze

• Stridor

• Increased work of breathing

• Shortness of Breath

Exclusion criteria

• Lack of consent

• No respiratory disease

• Mechanical ventilation (invasive, CPAP, or BiPAP) or high-flow nasal cannula

• Unable to provide at least 5 coughs (Voluntary or spontaneous)

• Medical contraindication to voluntary cough, including

○ Severe respiratory distress

○ History of pneumothorax

○ Eye, chest, or abdominal surgery past 3 months

• Too medically unstable to participate in study as per treating clinician

• Structural airway disease including laryngo/tracheomalacia.