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Table 2 Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of COVID-19, SARS and MERS patients

From: From SARS and MERS to COVID-19: a brief summary and comparison of severe acute respiratory infections caused by three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses

 

COVID-19 [94, 95, 98]

SARS [25, 97,98,99]

MERS [92, 93, 96, 98, 100]

Signs and symptoms

 Fever

56–99%

99–100%

81.7–100%

 Fatigue

18–55%

31.2%

NA

 Cough

39–81%

29.0–74.3%

75–85%

 Sore throat

5–17%

11.0–23.2%

14

 Dyspnea

12–41%

40–42%

72%

 Myalgia

18–55%

49.3–60.9%

38

 Diarrhea

3–17%

20–25%

26

 Headache

4–23%

15.0–55.8%

NA

Complications

 ARDS

18–30%

20%

20–30%

 AKI

3%

6.7%

41–50%

Laboratory findings

 Leukopenia (< 4.0 × 109/L)

26.8%

23–35%

14%

 Lymphopenia (< 1.5 × 109/L)

55.3%

68–85%

32%

 Thrombocytopenia (< 150 × 109/L)

11.5%

40–45%

36%

 Elevated LDH

55.5%

50–71%

48%

 Elevated AST

17.9%

20–30%

14%

 Elevated ALT

16.0%

20–30%

11%

  1. LDH Lactate dehydrogenase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT Alanine aminotransferase, NA Not available