Table 1 Comparisons of baseline characteristics between survivors and non-survivors
Variables | Overall (n = 835) | Survivors (n = 539) | Non-survivors (n = 296) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.1 ± 16.4 | 47.8 ± 16.5 | 59.1 ± 16.4 | < 0.001 |
Male [n (%)] | 494 (59.1) | 314 (58.2) | 180 (60.8) | 0.472 |
Height [n (%)] | 171.2 ± 9.7 | 171.8 ± 9.7 | 170.2 ± 9.5 | 0.021 |
Weight [n (%)] | 79.7 ± 21.6 | 80.5 ± 22.0 | 78.2 ± 20.9 | 0.134 |
Ethnicity (Black, %) | 148 (17.7) | 90 (16.6) | 58 (19.5) | 0.294 |
Ethnicity (white, %) | 606 (74.9) | 401 (74.3) | 205 (69.2) | 0.111 |
Low tidal volume intervention [n (%)] | 443 (53.0) | 304 (56.4) | 139 (46.9) | 0.009 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Leukemia [n (%)] | 17 (2.0) | 5 (0.9) | 12 (4.0) | 0.004 |
Immunosuppression [n (%)] | 86 (10.2) | 41 (7.6) | 45 (15.2) | 0.001 |
Diabetes [n (%)] | 118 (14.1) | 72 (13.5) | 46 (15.5) | 0.386 |
Solid tumour [n (%)] | 16 (1.9) | 6 (1.1) | 10 (3.4) | 0.032 |
Lymphoma [n (%)] | 9 (1.1) | 3 (0.5) | 6 (2.0) | 0.075 |
Cirrhosis [n (%)] | 24 (2.8) | 12 (2.2) | 12 (4.0) | 0.136 |
Elective surgery [n (%)] | 73 (8.7) | 46 (8.5) | 27 (9.1) | 0.774 |
Pneumothoraces [n (%)] | 105 (12.5) | 68 (12.6) | 37 (12.6) | 0.961 |
Chest tube [n (%)] | 210 (25.1) | 140 (25.9) | 70 (23.6) | 0.459 |
Biochemical indexes | ||||
PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 150.9 ± 69.8 | 156.4 ± 71.2 | 141.0 ± 66.0 | 0.002 |
Maximum respiratory rate | 30.4 ± 10.8 | 29.7 ± 11.1 | 31.7 ± 10.2 | 0.011 |
Maximum mean blood pressure (mmHg) | 101.9 ± 19.7 | 103.3 ± 19.9 | 99.3 ± 19.2 | 0.005 |
Minimum mean blood pressure (mmHg) | 61.8 ± 13.6 | 63.4 ± 13.8 | 59.0 ± 12.8 | < 0.001 |
Maximum white blood cell (10^9/L) | 14.9 ± 10.2 | 15.0 ± 9.9 | 14.7 ± 10.6 | 0.672 |
Minimum white blood cell (10^9/L) | 12.1 ± 9.0 | 12.3 ± 8.9 | 11.7 ± 9.3 | 0.366 |
Minimum platelet count (10^9/L) | 161.7 ± 116.7 | 169.7 ± 121.2 | 147.3 ± 106.8 | 0.008 |
Maximum serum creatinine (mg/L) | 1.67 ± 1.52 | 1.59 ± 1.54 | 1.80 ± 1.47 | 0.058 |
Minimum serum sodium (mmol/L) | 136.9 ± 5.5 | 136.9 ± 5.2 | 136.9 ± 6.1 | 0.995 |
Maximum serum sodium (mmol/L) | 139.3 ± 5.3 | 139.2 ± 4.9 | 139.3 ± 6.0 | 0.762 |
Minimum serum albumin (g/dl) | 2.19 ± 0.57 (n = 726) | 2.26 ± 0.58 (n = 469) | 2.08 ± 0.54 (n = 257) | < 0.001 |
Minimum serum bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 21.4 ± 5.4 | 21.9 ± 5.4 | 20.6 ± 5.1 | 0.001 |
Fluid records | ||||
Fluid intake (ml/kg/24 h) | 66.2 ± 54.2 | 63.4 ± 52.5 | 71.4 ± 56.8 | 0.039 |
Urine output (ml/kg/24 h) | 31.3 ± 25.1 | 33.2 ± 25.8 | 27.9 ± 23.4 | 0.003 |
UO /FI | 0.75 ± 1.82 | 0.76 ± 0.92 | 0.72 ± 2.80 | 0.777 |