From: Heparin-binding protein in lower airway samples as a biomarker for pneumonia
Variable | Study group | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
BALF “Pneumonia 2016” | BALF control | BW “Pneumonia 2017” | BW control | |
Number of subjects | 14 | 14 | 10 | 10 |
Males | 8 (57.1) | 7 (50.0) | 8 (80.0) | 4 (40.0) |
Age (years) | 74 (60.8–82.0) | 23.5 (22–24) | 66 (58.5–68.8) | 55 (39–59) |
Current smoker | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) |
COPD | 4 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Other pulmonary diseases | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Diabetes mellitus | 4 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (10.0) |
Cardiovascular disease | 5 (35.7) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (30.0) | 2 (20.0) |
Non-pulmonary malignancy | 5 (35.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Radiographic lung infiltrate | 11 (78.6) | NA | 6 (60.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Purulent sputum | 8 (57.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Temp > 38 °C within the last 24 h | 12 (85.7) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (60.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Days with ventilator | 5 (4.0–6.0) | NA | 2.5 (1.8–6.5) | 0.5 (0–1.0) |
Arterial oxygen saturation (%) | 93.5 (92.0–94.0) | 98 (98.0–99.0) | 95.5 (93.3–98.0) | 97 (96–98) |
Plasma CRP (mg/l) | 69.5 (23.5–142.8) | NA | 89.5 (53.3–188.0) | 3.1 (1.3–10.9) |
Blood leukocytes (10^9 cells/l) | 10.6 (9.0–15.0) | 6.4 (5.4–7.8) | 10.3 (7.4–16.7) | 6.9 (5.7–8.7) |
Blood neutrophils (10^9 cells/l) | 9.1 (8.7–13.2) | 3.5 (2.7–4.0) | 5.7 (5.6–9.9) | 3.4 (3.3–5.8) |
Gram-positive PPM | 5 (35.7) | NA | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Gram-negative PPM | 7 (50.0) | NA | 6 (60.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Viral PMM | 1 (7.1) | NA | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Fungal PMM | 1 (7.1) | NA | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Antibiotic treatment | 14 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (100.0) | 6 (60.0) |
Systemic steroid treatment (= > 10 mg prednisolon) | 3 (21.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Inhalation steroid treatment | 3 (21.4) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (60.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Other immunosuppression | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) |