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Table 3 Multivariate linear regression results, VAS as dependent outcome, no matching

From: Long-term weight gain in obese COPD patients participating in a disease management program: a risk factor for reduced health-related quality of life

Variable

Estimate

Std. error

Statistic

p-value

(Intercept)

63.286

5.816

10.882

0.000

Age (years)

Age 50–60

 − 5.180

4.903

 − 1.057

0.291

Age 60–70

 − 4.998

4.813

 − 1.039

0.299

Age 70–80

 − 8.099

4.870

 − 1.663

0.097

Age > 80

 − 14.204

5.153

 − 2.756

0.006

Male

3.975

1.228

3.236

0.001

Highest education level

Secondary school

 − 2.180

2.041

 − 1.068

0.286

Academic high school

0.551

4.332

0.127

0.899

University

 − 2.660

4.434

 − 0.600

0.549

Other education levels

 − 6.579

2.477

 − 2.656

0.008

GOLD stage (5 years before)

GOLD stage 2

0.391

1.790

0.218

0.827

GOLD stage 3

 − 3.943

2.230

 − 1.768

0.077

GOLD stage 4

 − 4.226

3.619

 − 1.168

0.243

BMI group

Class II obesity

 − 0.986

1.367

 − 0.721

0.471

Class III obesity

 − 4.888

2.016

 − 2.425

0.015

Smoking status (5 years before)

Active during DMP

 − 3.375

1.390

 − 2.427

0.015

Total no. of exacerbations (5 years before)

Severe exacerbations

 − 2.847

2.404

 − 1.184

0.237

 Medium exacerbations

0.036

0.376

0.097

0.923

Sleep apnea

 − 4.344

1.786

 − 2.432

0.015

Charlson Index (5 years before)

Myocardial infarction

 − 2.907

2.920

 − 0.996

0.320

Congestive heart failure

 − 0.774

1.394

 − 0.556

0.579

Peripheral vascular disease

0.402

1.591

0.253

0.800

Cerebrovascular accident

 − 3.280

1.677

 − 1.956

0.051

Rheumatic disease (%)

 − 1.716

2.504

 − 0.685

0.493

Peptic ulcer disease

 − 1.336

4.111

 − 0.325

0.745

Mild liver disease

 − 0.567

1.329

 − 0.427

0.670

Diabetes mellitus (uncomplicated)

0.660

1.398

0.472

0.637

Diabetes mellitus (complicated)

 − 0.500

1.756

 − 0.285

0.776

Renal disease

 − 2.778

1.784

 − 1.557

0.120

Cancer

 − 1.100

2.021

 − 0.544

0.586

ICD-10 diagnoses (1 year before)

    

Chapter I: certain infectious and parasitic diseases

0.415

2.705

0.153

0.878

Chapter III: diseases of the blood (…)

6.776

2.472

2.741

0.006

Chapter V: mental and behavioral disorders

 − 2.988

1.935

 − 1.544

0.123

Chapter VI: diseases of the nervous system

 − 0.921

1.312

 − 0.702

0.483

Chapter VII: diseases of the eye and adnexa

 − 4.972

3.903

 − 1.274

0.203

Chapter XII: diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue

 − 3.976

2.109

 − 1.885

0.060

Chapter XIV: diseases of the genitourinary system

1.757

1.076

1.633

0.103

Chapter XVIII: symptoms (…)

 − 4.599

1.271

 − 3.619

0.000

Chapter XIX: injury, poisoning (…)

 − 1.911

1.839

 − 1.039

0.299

Chapter XXI: factors influencing health status

 − 0.158

0.992

 − 0.159

0.874

Severe exacerbations (1 year before)

 − 0.266

1.447

 − 0.184

0.854

FEV1% predicted

0.054

0.033

1.645

0.100

BMI increase

 − 5.473

1.890

 − 2.895

0.004

  1. Significance level of 5 % are in bold
  2. Diseases of the blood (…): Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism; Symptoms (…): Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified; Injuries (…): Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes