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Table. 1 Epidemiological and baseline clinical features of 289 patients who were followed up from 90 to 150 days after the onset

From: Pulmonary fibrosis and its related factors in discharged patients with new corona virus pneumonia: a cohort study

 

Group Aa (N = 116)

Group Bb (N = 173)

P value

Physical characteristics

 Gender (male ratio, %)

44%

52%

0.2212

 Age (year)

33.06 ± 17.50

50.68 ± 13.25

 < 0.0001

 BMI (kg/m2)

22.10 ± 3.43

24.06 ± 3.21

 < 0.0001

Pre-existing conditions (with pre-existing disease ratio)

 Pre-existing disease (%)

19.0%

38.2%

0.0008

 DM (%)

0%

7.5%

0.0063

 Hypertension (%)

3.5%

19.1%

0.0002

 Coronary heart disease (%)

3.5%

6.9%

0.3131

 Respiratory disease (%)

3.5%

5.2%

0.6776

Others

 Case type: (severe/critical ratio, %)

4.3%

29.5%

 < 0.0001

 Time from onset to virus RNA negative (day)

14.72 ± 8.22

20.99 ± 9.34

 < 0.0001

 Time from onset to admission (day)

3.01 ± 3.03

5.22 ± 4.29

 < 0.0001

 Length of hospitalization (day)

19.17 ± 6.85

24.35 ± 9.70

 < 0.0001

 Follow-up period from onset (day)

67.78 ± 36.09

117.77 ± 14.24

 < 0.0001

Symptoms

 Fever (%)

51.7%

72.8%

0.0004

 Fatigue (%)

9.5%

10.4%

0.9554

 Dry cough (%)

18.1%

25.4%

0.1871

 Cough (%)

13.8%

18.5%

0.3724

 Expectoration (%)

9.5%

6.9%

0.5739

 Diarrhea (%)

0.9%

5.8%

0.0675

Treatment

 Short term methylprednisolone therapy (%)

5.17%

32.3%

 < 0.0001

 Acetylcysteine (100%)

41.4%

71.7%

 < 0.0001

 Gamma globulin (100%)

4.3%

31.8%

 < 0.0001

 Invasive ventilator (100%)

0%

5.2%

0.0315

 Non-invasive ventilator (100%)

0.9%

14.5%

0.0002

Laboratory findings

 Oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2)

463.15 ± 123.05

411.60 ± 130.24

0.0014

 Lactic acid (mmol/L)

1.29 ± 0.45

1.34 ± 0.44

0.2963

 WBC (109/L)

5.179 ± 2.04

4.82 ± 1.71

0.1174

 N (109/L)

2.85 ± 1.47

3.00 ± 1.43

0.3689

 L (109/L)

1.7659 ± 0.88

1.32 ± 0.59

 < 0.0001

 HB (g/L)

137.11 ± 15.43

138.28 ± 15.08

0.5240

 PLT (109/L)

210.35 ± 65.32

188.19 ± 56.95

0.0025

 ALB (g/L)

43.91 ± 3.18

42.64 ± 3.55

0.0021

 ALT (U/L)

24.54 ± 26.74

26.32 ± 17.20

0.4918

 AST (U/L)

28.34 ± 20.18

31.01 ± 13.97

0.1855

 LDH (U/L)

267.37 ± 144.00

308.43 ± 191.53

0.0594

 CK (U/L)

115.30 ± 194.97

103.05 ± 112.20

0.5729

 BUN (mmol/L)

4.16 ± 1.41

4.09 ± 1.62

0.6789

 Cr (μmol/L)

60.92 ± 17.81

68.75 ± 20.66

0.0010

 ESR (mm/h)

23.01 ± 20.32

35.95 ± 23.00

 < 0.0001

 D-Dimer (μg/mL)

0.42 ± 0.37

0.52 ± 0.68

0.1732

 CRP (mg/dL)

12.25 ± 25.58

23.96 ± 30.38

0.0008

 IL-6 (ng/L)

11.27 ± 19.57

20.68 ± 30.70

0.0112

 PCT (ng/mL)

0.12 ± 0.10

0.09 ± 0.08

0.0053

 CD4 cells (count/μL)

771.89 ± 419.79

535.68 ± 276.76

 < 0.0001

 Highest CRP (mg/dL)

19.23 ± 30.71

47.81 ± 54.94

 < 0.0001

 Highest IL-6 (ng/L)

8.91 ± 11.92

45.62 ± 142.25

0.0099

 Highest PCT (ng/mL)

0.29 ± 0.09

0.32 ± 0.08

0.0003

 Lowest CD4 cell (count/μL)

700.81 ± 383.69

471.46 ± 274.76

 < 0.0001

 Highest ESR (mm/h)

32.00 ± 29.07

50.29 ± 30.70

 < 0.0001

 Highest D-Dimer (μg/mL)

0.63 ± 0.84

1.40 ± 3.11

0.0095

 Highest lactic acid (mmol/L)

2.19 ± 0.93

2.62 ± 0.85

0.0001

 Lowest oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2)

379.97 ± 118.46

270.93 ± 124.19

 < 0.0001

  1. BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus, PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen, FIO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, WBC white blood cells, N neutrophils, L lymphocyte, HB hemoglobin, PLT platelet, ALB albumin, ALT alanine transaminase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CK creatine kinase, BUN urea nitrogen, Cr creatinine, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, IL-6 interleukin-6, PCT procalcitonin
  2. aPatients who either had no lung fibrosis, or their lung fibrosis disappeared within 90 days after onset
  3. bPatients who still had lung fibrosis after 90 days from onset