Figure 4
From: Toll-like receptor-4 mediates cigarette smoke-induced cytokine production by human macrophages
CS medium triggers signaling pathways mediated IRAK and TRAF in human monocyte-derived macrophages. a) Macrophages were treated with CS medium or LPS for 45 minutes and IRAK activation was monitored by western blot analysis. The figure shows autophosphorylation of IRAK (p-IRAK). B) TRAF6 degradation was determined after 1 to 3 hrs CS medium or LPS exposure to macrophages. Cells were lysed and western analysis was performed. The result shown is a representative of two experiments conducted with different human monocyte-derived macrophage preparations that had similar results.