From: Therapeutic potential of products derived from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in pulmonary disease
EV Source | Route | Injury Model | Outcomes | Key Factor | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human BM-MSC | IT, IV | Mouse-ALI/LPS | ↓ Lung edema ↓ WBCs & neutrophils in BALF ↓ Total protein & MIP-2 in BALF ↑ KGF in BALF | KGF mRNA | [22] |
Normoxia & Anoxia pretreated Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-ALI/LPS | ↓ WBCs & neutrophils in BALF ↓ Total protein & MIP-2 in BALF | [94] | |
Untreated & Poly (I:C)–pretreated Human BM-MSC | IT, IV | Mouse-Pneumonia/E. coli | ↓ Lung injury ↓ WBCs & neutrophils in BALF ↓ Total protein & MIP-2 in BALF ↓ E. coli count in BALF, lung, & blood ↑ Survival ↑ KGF in BALF | KGF mRNA & CD44 | [95] |
Human BM-MSC | EV-treated AM/IN | Mouse-ALI/LPS | ↓ Neutrophils in BALF ↓ Total protein & TNF-α in BALF | Mitochondria transfer | [96] |
Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-Shock/Hemorrhage | ↓ Vascular permeability ↓ RhoA GTPase activity in lung | [66] | |
Human WJ-MSC | IT | Mouse-Lung Injury/I/R | ↓ Lung edema ↓ Airway resistance ↓ Pulmonary artery pressure ↓ Neutrophil in lung ↓ Inflammatroy cytokines in BALF ↑ KGF, PGE2, &IL-10 in BALF | [115] | |
Swine BM-MSC | IT | Swine-Influenza/SwIV | ↓ Lung lesions ↓ WBCs in lung ↓ Inflammatory cytokines in lung ↓ Virus titer in nasal swap & lung | RNA | [101] |
Mouse & Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-Asthma/AHE | ↓ Airway hyper-responsiveness ↓ WBCs in BALF & lung ↓ Th2/Th17 related cytokines in BALF | [75] | |
Mouse BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-PAH/Hypoxia | ↓ Right ventricular systolic pressure ↓ Vascular remodeling ↓ Macrophages & cytokines in lung ↓ STAT-3 in lung | [20] | |
Rat BM-MSC | IV | Rat-PAH/Monocrotaline | ↓ Pulmonary artery pressure ↓ Pulmonary vascular remodeling ↓ Right ventricle pressure ↓ Right ventricular hypertrophy | [98] | |
Mouse & Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-PAH/ Monocrotaline | ↓ Pulmonary vascular remodeling ↓ Right ventricle hypertrophy | miRNAs | [99] |
Human WJ- & BM-MSC | IV | Neonatal Mouse-BPD/Hyperoxia | ↑ Alveolarization ↑ Lung funcion ↓ Lung fibrosis ↓ PAH ↓ Pulmonary vasular remodeling ↓ Pro-inflammatry genes in macrophages | [67] | |
Human UC-MSC | IT | Neonatal Rat-BPD/Hyperoxia | ↑ Alveolarization & angiogenesis ↓ Alveolar epithelial cell death ↓ Macrophages & cytokines in lung | VEGF | [100] |
Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-Lung Fibrosis/Silica | ↓ Size of calcified nodules in lung ↓ Hydroxyproline in lung ↓ Inflammatory cells in BALF ↓ Cytokines in BALF | miRNAs & mitochondria transfer | [17] |
Human BM-MSC | IV | Mouse-Lung Fibrosis/Silica | ↓ Lung collagen ↓ WBCs in BALF | [97] | |
Human ASCs | IT | Mouse-COPD/ elastase | ↓ Lung emphysema ↑ FGF2 in lung | [116] |