Use of antidiabetic medications and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation requiring hospitalization: a disease risk score-matched nested case–control study

Table 5 Crude and adjusted ORs of severe COPD exacerbations associated with the current receipt with each type of oral hypoglycemic agent in monotherapy

	Cases (n = 2700)	Controls (n = 9272)	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR^a (95% CI)
Current use of monotherapy, no (%)^b
Metformin	346 (12.8)	1242 (13.4)	0.85 (0.73–0.99)^d	0.87 (0.74–1.02)
Sulfonylureas	423 (15.7)	1344 (14.5)	1.08 (0.93–1.25)	1.14 (0.97–1.34)
α-Glucosidase inhibitors	34 (1.3)	139 (1.5)	0.77 (0.53–1.14)	0.74 (0.50–1.12)
TZDs	8 (0.3)	33 (0.4)	0.82 (0.38–1.79)	0.84 (0.37–1.89)
DPP-4 inhibitors	36 (1.3)	74 (0.8)	1.59 (1.04–2.41)^d	1.46 (0.94–2.27)
Meglitinides	96 (3.6)	252 (2.7)	1.26 (0.98–1.62)	1.05 (0.80–1.36)
Other classes of monotherapy^c			Reference	Reference

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CI confidence interval; No., Number; TZD, thiazolidinedione; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4
^a Adjusted for all covariates with standardized difference > 0.1 in Table 1
^b Current use was defined as the end date of the most recent prescription within the 30 days prior to the index date
^c Each antidiabetic agent monotherapy was separately compared with all of the other types of antidiabetic agents monotherapy combined
^d p < 0.05

ISSN: 1465-993X