From: COPD Clinical Control: predictors and long-term follow-up of the CHAIN cohort
Persistently controlled (n = 134) | Intermittently controlled (n = 416) | Persistently uncontrolled (n = 248) | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics and clinical data | ||||
Male, n (%) | 117 (87.3) | 336 (80.6) | 209 (84.3) | 0.153 |
Age (years), m (SD) | 63.2 (9.7)a,b | 64.9 (10.9) | 68.5 (9.9) | < 0.001 |
Pack-years, m (SD) | 53.5 (26.1) | 54.6 (28.4) | 60.8 (30.2)c | 0.013 |
Active smoker, n (%) | 48 (35.8) | 115 (27.6) | 66 (26.6) | 0.128 |
BMI (kg/m2), m (SD) | 27.1 (4.6) | 28.0 (4.8) | 28.5 (5.6) | 0.060 |
Chronic bronchitis, n (%) | 71 (53.0)d | 233 (55.9) | 162 (65.3) | 0.022 |
Dark sputum, n (%) | 15 (11.2)d | 54 (12.9) | 53 (21.4)c | 0.005 |
Bronquial asthma, n (%) | 5 (3.7) | 9 (2.2) | 12 (4.8) | 0.164 |
Eosinophils (%), median (P25-P75) | 2.6 (1.6–3.9)d | 2.4 (1.6–3.6) | 2.1 (1.3–3.3)c | 0.002 |
Charlson index, m (SD) | 1.2 (1.6) | 1.0 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.6)e | 0.002 |
Physiology | ||||
FEV1 (L), median (P25-P75) | 2050 (1467–2505)b | 1600 (1190–2050)a | 1360 (940–1730)£ | < 0.001 |
FEV1%pred, median (P25-P75) | 72 (55–88)b | 60 (46–74)a | 51 (39–63)£ | < 0.001 |
FVC (L), median (P25-P75) | 3585 (2847–4380)b | 3100 (2450- 3710)a | 2745 (2197–3227)e | < 0.001 |
FVC %pred, median (P25-P75) | 94 (80–110)b | 84 (71–101)a | 75 (63–90)e | < 0.001 |
FEV1/FVC, median (P25-P75) | 58 (49–65)b | 54 (44–63)f | 51 (41–60)c | < 0.001 |
KCO%, median (P25-P75) | 79.5 (62.5–99.7)b | 72.6 (52.2–92.8)f | 66 (41–85.2)c | < 0.001 |
Treatment | ||||
Triple therapy, n (%) | 50 (37.3)b | 226 (54.2)f | 178 (71.8)e | < 0.001 |
Influenza vaccine, n (%) | 50 (37.3)b | 213 (51.1)f | 167 (67.3)c | < 0.001 |
LTOT, n (%) | 3 (2.2)b | 37 (8.9) | 64 (25.8)e | < 0.001 |
VMNI, n (%) | 5 (3.7)b | 12 (2.9) | 24 (9.7)c | < 0.001 |
CAT score, median (P25-P75) | 8 (5–14.2)b,f | 11 (7–16) | 14 (9–21)e | < 0.001 |
HDAS anxiety score, median (P25-P75) | 11 (6–15) | 12 (8–15) | 12 (8–15) | 0.576 |
HDAS depression score, median (P25-P75) | 8.0 (4.6) | 8.5 (4.5) | 9.3 (4.9) | 0.048 |
Follow-up time (years), m (SD) | 2.4 (1.7) d | 4.2 (1.2)a | 1.8 (1.3)e | < 0.001 |