Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study

Talaei, Mohammad; Emmett, Pauline M.; Granell, Raquel; Tabatabaeian, Hossein; Northstone, Kate; Bergström, Anna; Shaheen, Seif O.

doi:10.1186/s12931-023-02383-9

Respiratory Research

Table 4 Linear regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) for post-bronchodilator lung function measures (z scores) at 15.5 years according to quartiles of dietary pattern score at 7 years, stratified by rs3741240 polymorphism genotypes of SCGB1A1 gene

From: Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study

	Quartiles of dietary pattern score				P for	P for
	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	trend^a	interaction
‘Health-conscious’ dietary pattern
FEV₁
Genotype GG	0.00	0.20 (− 0.04, 0.44)	0.30 (0.05, 0.55)	0.48 (0.21, 0.74)	< 0.001
Genotype GA	0.00	0.00 (− 0.23, 0.23)	− 0.01 (− 0.24, 0.22)	0.08 (− 0.16, 0.32)	0.47	0.02
Genotype AA	0.00	0.30 (− 0.13, 0.72)	0.05 (− 0.36, 0.47)	− 0.11 (− 0.54, 0.33)	0.32	0.007
FVC
Genotype GG	0.00	0.15 (− 0.08, 0.37)	0.25 (0.02, 0.49)	0.47 (0.22, 0.72)	< 0.001
Genotype GA	0.00	0.08 (− 0.14, 0.29)	0.05 (− 0.16, 0.27)	0.16 (− 0.07, 0.39)	0.19	0.06
Genotype AA	0.00	0.21 (− 0.20, 0.63)	0.05 (− 0.35, 0.46)	− 0.12 (− 0.55, 0.31)	0.37	0.005
FEV₁/FVC ratio
Genotype GG	0.00	0.06 (− 0.14, 0.25)	0.00 (− 0.20, 0.21)	− 0.03 (− 0.24, 0.19)	0.64
Genotype GA	0.00	− 0.06 (− 0.27, 0.14)	− 0.07 (− 0.28, 0.13)	− 0.10 (− 0.32, 0.12)	0.41	0.60
Genotype AA	0.00	0.00 (− 0.35, 0.35)	− 0.10 (− 0.45, 0.24)	− 0.10 (− 0.46, 0.26)	0.52	0.94
FEF_25–75
Genotype GG	0.00	0.21 (0.00, 0.41)	0.22 (0.01, 0.43)	0.30 (0.07, 0.53)	0.02
Genotype GA	0.00	0.01 (− 0.19, 0.20)	− 0.06 (− 0.25, 0.14)	0.01 (− 0.20, 0.22)	0.98	0.08
Genotype AA	0.00	0.02 (− 0.35, 0.39)	− 0.09 (− 0.45, 0.27)	− 0.15 (− 0.53, 0.24)	0.36	0.08
‘Processed’ dietary pattern
FEV₁
Genotype GG	0.00	− 0.20 (− 0.43, 0.03)	− 0.15 (− 0.40, 0.10)	− 0.41 (− 0.69, − 0.13)	0.008
Genotype GA	0.00	0.19 (− 0.02, 0.40)	− 0.01 (− 0.23, 0.22)	− 0.09 (− 0.36, 0.18)	0.36	0.23
Genotype AA	0.00	0.29 (− 0.11, 0.68)	0.42 (0.00, 0.85)	0.22 (− 0.30, 0.74)	0.27	0.07
FVC
Genotype GG	0.00	− 0.24 (− 0.46, − 0.02)	− 0.13 (− 0.37, 0.11)	− 0.32 (− 0.59, − 0.05)	0.04
Genotype GA	0.00	0.22 (0.02, 0.42)	− 0.03 (− 0.25, 0.18)	− 0.18 (− 0.43, 0.08)	0.09	0.79
Genotype AA	0.00	0.26 (− 0.13, 0.65)	0.42 (0.01, 0.83)	0.16 (− 0.34, 0.67)	0.34	0.13
FEV₁/FVC ratio
Genotype GG	0.00	0.04 (− 0.14, 0.23)	− 0.04 (− 0.25, 0.16)	− 0.03 (− 0.26, 0.20)	0.67
Genotype GA	0.00	− 0.10 (− 0.29, 0.09)	0.09 (− 0.11, 0.29)	0.10 (− 0.14, 0.34)	0.24	0.14
Genotype AA	0.00	0.04 (− 0.29, 0.37)	0.02 (− 0.33, 0.38)	0.19 (− 0.24, 0.62)	0.44	0.71
FEF_25–75
Genotype GG	0.00	− 0.13 (− 0.33, 0.06)	− 0.21 (− 0.42, 0.00)	− 0.30 (− 0.54, − 0.06)	0.01
Genotype GA	0.00	0.08 (− 0.10, 0.26)	0.07 (− 0.12, 0.26)	0.01 (− 0.22, 0.24)	0.91	0.04
Genotype AA	0.00	0.16 (− 0.19, 0.50)	0.22 (− 0.15, 0.58)	0.13 (− 0.33, 0.58)	0.49	0.20

Multivariable model: sex, total energy intake, maternal education, housing tenure at birth, financial difficulty during pregnancy, maternal ethnicity, index of multiple deprivation, rural living location, maternal and paternal history of atopic disease, older sibling, younger sibling, breastfeeding, maternal smoking, vigorous physical activity, history of food allergy, and season when the FFQ was completed
FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; FEF_25–75: forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC; SCGB1A1: Secretoglobin family 1A member 1
^aLinear trend was tested by treating the median values of quartiles as a continuous variable
In GG, GA, and AA groups of SCGB1A1-rs3741240, sample sizes were 1063, 1124, and 342 for FEV₁, and 1115, 1173, and 354 for both FVC and FEF_25-75, respectively

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