Table 2 Exposure conditions to emissions from EC, HTP, and CC and air (control)

Puffing protocol

 Number of products used over 5 h

–

Approx. 0.5 ml

20 tobacco sticks

30 cigarettes

 Number of puff clusters over 5 h

13

13

20

30

 Number of puffs per cluster

11

11

12

8

 Total number of puffs taken over 5 h

143

143

240

240

 Interval between puff clusters

20 min

20 min

9 min

6 min

Airborne exposure

 Airborne nicotine (µg/m³)

17.7 ± 13.6

336.7 ± 86.3

649.5 ± 262.2

1097.0 ± 361.7

 PM_5.0 (mg/m³)

< LOQ

39.0 ± 18.6

18.6 ± 5.7

34.8 ± 16.0

 TPM (mg/m³)

< LOQ

302.0 ± 127.4

18.1 ± 7.5

292.4 ± 72.5

Thirdhand exposure

 Nicotine deposited on surface (mg/m²/5 h)

< LOQ

< LOQ

< LOQ

< LOQ

 Nicotine deposited on fur (mg/m²/8 wks)

< LOQ

< LOQ

< LOQ

< LOQ

Biomarker of nicotine exposure

 Serum cotinine in males (ng/ml)

< LOQ

32.2 ± 10.0*

34.8 ± 10.3*

33.5 ± 10.0*

 Serum cotinine in females (ng/ml)

< LOQ

52.7 ± 30.1*

53.6 ± 6.6*

56.3 ± 28.5*