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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Differentiating interstitial lung diseases from other respiratory diseases using electronic nose technology

 

Overall

ILD

Asthma

COPD

Lung cancer

p-value

Subjects (n)

322

161

65

50

46

 

Females (n)

154 (47.8)

60 (37.3)

45 (69.2)

23 (46.0)

26 (56.5)

 < 0.01

Age (years)

68 [58, 75]

71 [62, 76]

56 [42, 67]

66 [61, 74]

69 [63, 75]

 < 0.01

Smoking amount ~ (py)

32.6 (31.5)*

25.8 (23.3)

16.3 (15.9)

49.6 (38.7)

41.9 (38.4)

 < 0.01

Smoking status

     

 < 0.01

 Never

96 (30.7)

48 (30.4)

37 (56.9)

0 (0.0)

13 (28.3)

 

 Former

193 (59.9)

110 (68.3)

23 (35.4)

31 (66.0)

27 (58.7)

 

 Current

30 (9.3)

2 (1.2)

5 (7.7)

17 (34.0)

6 (13.0)

 

FVC (%pred)

84.7 (20.6)**

80.7 (20.8)

93.2 (16.7)

84.2 (20.4)

94.2 (22.1)

 < 0.01

FEV1 (%pred)

77.3 (22.4)**

81.7 (19.0)

81.6 (21.0)

54.5 (21.3)

85.3 (21.1)

 < 0.01

DLCOc (%pred)

 

51.0 (16.2)#

    

Diagnosis or Stage (n)

 

IPF 61 (37.9)

HP 27 (16.8)

CTD-ILD 27 (16.8)

iNSIP 11 (6.8)

CPFE 7 (4.3)

COP 6 (3.7)

Other ILD 22 (13.7)

 

GOLD I 16 (32.0)

GOLD II 20 (40.0)

GOLD III 7 (14.0)

GOLD IV 7 (14.0)

SCLC 4 (8.7)

NSCLC 42 (91.3)

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Stage I 2 (4.3)

Stage II 0 (0.0)

Stage III 5 (10.9)

Stage IV 39 (84.8)

 

Eosinophil count (109/L)

  

0.2 [0.1, 0.4]**

   

Use of immunosuppressants (n)

 

55 (34.2)^

7 (10.8)

4 (8.0)

9 (19.6)

 

Use of other disease-specific medication (n)

 

Antifibrotic 44 (27.3)

Biological 14 (21.5)

ICS 59 (90.8)

ICS 30 (50.0)

Targeted 30 (65.2)

CT and/or IT 10 (21.7)

 
  1. Values are displayed as number (%), mean ± SD, or median [interquartile range]. Subgroup ‘other ILD’ includes interstitial pneumonia with auto-immune features, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, vasculitis, unclassifiable ILD, asbestosis, respiratory bronchiolitis-ILD, drug induced ILD, sarcoidosis, granulomatous-lymphocytic ILD. If available, lung function values post-bronchodilator are displayed
  2. COP = cryptogenic organizing pneumonia; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPFE: combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema; CT: chemotherapy; CTD: connective tissue disease; DLCOc: diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for hemoglobin level; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC: forced vital capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; HP: hypersensitivity pneumonitis; ICS: inhaled corticosteroid; ILD: interstitial lung disease; iNSIP: idiopathic non-specific interstitial pneumonia; IPF: idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; IT: immunotherapy; (N)SCLC: (non-)small cell lung cancer; py: pack years; %pred: percent of predicted value, calculated based on sex, age and height
  3.  ~ never smokers (n = 99) excluded. * n = 7 missing values. ** n = 39 missing values. # n = 12 missing values. ^In case of prednisone: dosage ≥ 10 mg