Associations of a plant-centered diet and lung function across early to mid-adulthood: The CARDIA Lung Study

Respiratory Research

Table 2 Association between APDQS average and annual changes in pulmonary function measures

	Estimated slopes per 1 SD higher updated average APDQS^a^,^b
	ß ± SE	P-value
FVC annual absolute change, ml
Mean ± SD	− 35.8 ± 20
MV model^c	1.71 ± 0.46	< 0.001
MV model + cardiorespiratory fitness^d	1.32 ± 0.47	0.005
MV model + current asthma^d	1.72 ± 0.46	< 0.001
FEV₁ annual absolute change, ml
Mean ± SD	− 34.4 ± 15.8
MV model^c	0.94 ± 0.36	0.009
MV model + cardiorespiratory fitness^d	0.68 ± 0.36	0.06
MV model + current asthma^d	0.98 ± 0.36	0.006
FEV₁/FVC ratio, 100*annual absolute change in ratio
Mean ± SD	− 0.31 ± 0.25
MV model^c	− 0.02 ± 0.06	0.67
MV model + cardiorespiratory fitness^d	− 0.04 ± 0.06	0.49
MV model + current asthma^d	− 0.02 ± 0.06	0.66

^a(Year 30 FVC—peak FVC)/(30—peak year). Other measures were calculated in the same way. If measurements at Year 30 were not available, Year 20 data were used, with denominator (20—peak year)
^b1 SD = 13
^cMultivariable-adjusted linear regression model. APDQS is a continuous variable, the average of Y0, Y7, and Y20, with infrequent missing Y7 or Y20 last value carried forward. The regression is adjusted for peak pulmonary function variable (depending on outcome of interest), age squared, sex, race (Black and White), center (Birmingham, Chicago, Minneapolis, and Oakland), maximal educational attainment, baseline height, averaged total energy intake, averaged BMI, and life-time pack years of smoking

ISSN: 1465-993X