Table 2 Univariate analysis of the factors associated with extubation failure (n = 107)
Variable | Successful extubation (n = 95) | Failed extubation (n = 12) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|  | Mean ± standard deviation or n (%) or median with interquartile range |  | |
Age (years) | 59.61 ± 14.51 | 61.08 ± 19.00 | 0.75 |
Sex, male | 62 (65.3) | 6 (50.0) | 0.30 |
Weight (kg) | 66.88 ± 1.60 | 69.42 ± 16.50 | 0.60 |
Diabetes mellitus | 24 (25.3) | 3 (25.0) | 0.98 |
Hypertension | 62 (65.3) | 8 (66.7) | 0.92 |
Coronary artery disease | 10 (10.5) | 3 (25.0) | 0.15 |
Hemodialysis | 4 (4.2) | 1 (8.3) | 0.52 |
Intracerebral hemorrhage location | Â | Â | 0.88 |
Lobar | 35 (36.8) | 4 (33.3) | Â |
Deep-seated | 49 (51.6) | 6 (50.0) | Â |
Cerebellar | 11 (11.6) | 2 (16.7) | Â |
Intracerebral hemorrhage volume (mL) | 37.94 ± 24.03 | 46.91 ± 24.69 | 0.89 |
Surgical procedure | Â | Â | 0.65 |
Endoscopy-assisted procedure | 32 (33.7) | 4 (33.3) | Â |
Craniotomy procedure | 63 (66.3) | 8 (66.7) | Â |
Initial eye-opening response | 3 (2) | 3 (2) | 0.54 |
Initial motor response | 5 (2) | 5 (1) | 0.91 |
Initial verbal response | 1 (3) | 1 (2.5) | 0.88 |
Initial Glasgow Coma Scale score | 10 (4.75) | 9 (5.5) | 0.73 |
Initial white blood cell count (/mm3) | 11.47 ± 5.23 | 12.14 ± 4.05 | 0.67 |
Initial white blood cell count > 10,000/mm3 | 55 (57.9) | 8 (66.7) | 0.56 |
Initial blood glucose (mg/dL) | 156.40 ± 64.57 | 143.83 ± 35.76 | 0.51 |
Initial blood glucose > 100 mg/dL | 89 (93.7) | 11 (91.7) | 0.79 |
Initial blood glucose > 120 mg/dL | 71 (74.7) | 8 (66.7) | 0.55 |
Pre-extubation eye-opening response | 3 (1) | 3 (1.75) | 0.48 |
Pre-extubation motor response | 6 (1) | 6 (1) | 0.53 |
Pre-extubation verbal response | 1 (0) | 1 (0) | 0.62 |
Pre-extubation Glasgow Coma Scale score | 10 (2) | 10 (2.75) | 0.77 |
Pre-extubation white blood cell count (/mm3) | 10.62 ± 3.60 | 12.39 ± 3.16 | 0.11 |
Pre-extubation white blood cell count > 10,000/mm3 | 48 (50.5) | 10 (83.3) | 0.03* |
Pre-extubation hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.78 ± 1.82 | 10.50 ± 1.53 | 0.61 |
Pre-extubation sodium (mmol/L) | 136.47 ± 4.35 | 136.21 ± 3.14 | 0.84 |
Pre-extubation weaning parameters | Â | Â | Â |
Respiratory rate | 21.98 ± 5.03 | 25.00 ± 4.75 | 0.05 |
Respiratory rate > 30 breaths/min | 6 (6.3) | 3 (25.0) | 0.03* |
Maximal inspiratory pressure (cmH2O) | -43.82 ± 12.22 | -38.50 ± 10.77 | 0.15 |
Maximal expiratory pressure (cmH2O) | 49.08 ± 14.87 | 41.42 ± 11.70 | 0.09 |
Maximal expiratory pressure > 46 cmH2O | 59 (62.1) | 3 (25.0) | 0.02* |
Tidal volume (mL/kg) | 434.3 ± 241.21 | 377.93 ± 53.235 | 0.42 |
Minute ventilation (L/min) | 8.74 ± 2.84 | 9.42 ± 2.16 | 0.42 |
Rapid shallow breathing index | 60.45 ± 35.16 | 67.85 ± 16.89 | 0.48 |
Mean duration between extubation and reintubation (day) |  | 1.5 ± 0.5 |  |