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Table 6 Predictors of waitlist mortality analysis

From: Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance is associated with increased lung transplant waitlist mortality among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective cohort analysis

 

Univariable

Multivariable

Age

HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.06, p < 0.001*

HR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02–1.06, p < 0.001**

Gender

HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.97–1.32, p = 0.11

 

BMI

HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95–0.99, p = 0.001*

HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94–0.99, p = 0.002**

Race

Black: HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.96–1.65, p = 0.10

Other: HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.11–1.08, p = 0.07

 

CAD

Yes: HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.31–3.30, p = 0.002*

Unknown: HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.87–1.20, p = 0.80

Yes: HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.07–2.94, p = 0.03**

Unknown: HR 0.38, 95% CI 0.09–1.62, p = 0.19

Hypertension

Yes: HR 1.42, 95% CI 1.16–1.73, p = 0.001*

Unknown: HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.99–1.42, p = 0.06

Yes: HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.17–1.80, p = 0.001**

Unknown: HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.05–2.02, p = 0.02**

Cancer

HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.88–1.49, p = 0.32

 

Diabetes

HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.23–1.98, p < 0.001*

HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.98–1.86, p = 0.06

Creatinine

 > 0.8: HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.88–1.29, p = 0.53

Unknown: HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.87–1.27, p = 0.62

 

Candidate Height

HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.99–1.01, p = 0.62

 

Blood Type

A: HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.68–0.95, p = 0.01*

AB: HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.85–2.21, p = 0.19

B: HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.65–1.17, p = 0.37

A: HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.64–0.98, p = 0.04**

AB: HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.75–2.33, p = 0.34

B: HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.48–1.07, p = 0.11

Functional Status

Some assistance: HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.86–1.53, p = 0.35

Total assistance: HR 1.41, 95% CI 0.84–2.37, p = 0.20

Unknown: HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.47–2.95, p = 0.73

 

O2 requirement

 > 3L: HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55, p = 0.02*

Unknown: HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.03–1.51, p = 0.02

 > 3L: HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.95–1.43, p = 0.14

Unknown: HR 1.45, 95% CI 0.78–2.71, p = 0.24

PaCO2

 > 40 mm Hg: HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.74–1.28, p = 0.84

Unknown: HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.82–1.42, p = 0.58

 

PASP

HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02–1.04, p < 0.001*

HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, p < 0.001**

PAWP

HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.99–1.02, p = 0.33

 

CO

HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.92–1.03, p = 0.27

 

Pre-capillary PH

HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.91–1.24, p = 0.43

 

Severe PH new (PVR > 5 WU)

HR 2.73, 95% CI 2.19–3.42, p < 0.001*

HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.22–2.60, p = 0.003**

Severe PH old (mPAP > 35 mmHg or mPAP > 25 mmHg with CI < 2.5 L/min/m2)

HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.33–1.87, p < 0.001*

HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.67–1.18, p = 0.42

mPAP ≥ 32 mmHg

HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.58–2.22, p < 0.001*

HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.82–1.56, p = 0.45

PVR ≥ 3.9 WU

HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.44–2.04, p < 0.001*

HR 1.49, 95% CI 1.14–1.95, p = 0.004**

6MWD

HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99, p < 0.001*

HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96–0.98, p < 0.001**

FEV1

FEV1 < 30%: HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.75–1.32, p = 0.96

Unknown: HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.76–1.37, p = 0.88

 

FVC

FVC < 50%: HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.06–1.57, p = 0.01*

Unknown: HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.98–1.40, p = 0.09

FVC < 50%: HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.97–1.47, p = 0.09

Unknown: HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.40–2.11, p = 0.84

Mechanical ventilation

HR 5.05, 95% CI 2.39–10.69, p < 0.001*

HR 4.51, 95% CI 1.53–13.30, p = 0.006**

Double Lung Preference

HR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01–1.37, p = 0.04*

HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.09–1.66, p = 0.007**

  1. Initial variables included in the univariable cox regression included pulmonary hemodynamics, comorbid conditions, and other variables that comprise the CAS score
  2. 6MWD 6-min walk distance. BMI Body mass index. CAD Coronary artery disease. CAS Composite lung allocation score. CI: Cardiac index. CO Cardiac output. FEV1 Forced expiratory volume in 1 s. FVC Functional vital capacity. mPAP Mean pulmonary artery pressure. O2 Oxygen. PaCO2 Partial pressure of carbon dioxide. PASP Pulmonary artery systolic pressure. PAWP Pulmonary artery wedge pressure. PVR Pulmonary vascular resistance
  3. *Variable with significant association with outcome of waitlist death in univariable cox regression (p < 0.05) and utilized in subsequent multivariable cox regression for waitlist death
  4. **Variable with significant and independent association with waitlist death (p < 0.05) in multivariable cox regression