Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics in total population and stratified by COPD diagnosis

N

2577

613 (23.8%)

1964 (76.2%)

Age(years)*

72.28 ± 9.29

75.29 ± 8.72

71.35 ± 9.26

Sex

Male/n(%)*

1148 (44.5%)

351 (57.3%)

797 (40.6%)

Female/n(%)*

1429 (55.5%)

262 (42.7%)

1167 (59.4%)

RS cohort

RS I

615 (23.9%)

213 (34.7%)

402 (20.5%)

RS II

923 (35.8%)

246 (40.1%)

677 (34.5%)

RS III

1039 (40.3%)

154 (25.1%)

885 (45.1%)

SAF*

2.39 ± 0.49

2.50 ± 0.52

2.36 ± 0.47

FEV₁%predicted *

97.89 ± 18.36

83.91 ± 18.25

102.25 ± 16.08

D_LCOc #

7.82 ± 1.71

7.64 ± 1.97

7.85 ± 1.68

D_LCOc/V_A *

1.51 ± 0.23

1.36 ± 0.25

1.53 ± 0.22

N for sRAGE & EN-RAGE

1192

83(7.0%)

1109(93.0%)

sRAGE⁺

2.97 ± 1.63

2.54 ± 1.23

3.00 ± 1.66

EN-RAGE*

13.00 ± 8.22

15.89 ± 11.59

12.79 ± 7.87

Asthma

215 (8.3%)

34 (5.5%)

181 (9.2%)

Smoking Status (N = 2575)

Never Smokers*

848(32.9%)

106 (17.3%)

742 (37.8%)

Ex-Smokers*

1483 (57.5%)

409 (66.7%)

1074 (54.7%)

Current Smokers*

244 (9.5%)

98 (16.0%)

146 (7.4%)

T2DM

389 (15.1%)

101 (16.5%)

288 (14.7%)

Oral corticosteroids⁺

139

43 (7.2%)

96 (5.0%)

Inhaled corticosteroids*

196

83 (13.8%)

113 (5.9%)