Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients before and after propensity score matching

Age (years old, range)

66.4 (20–91)

65.2 (34–92)

0.540

65.4 (20–91)

66.1 (36–92)

0.533

Male gender (%)

97 (56.4)

50 (44.6)

0.053

55 (55.6)

46 (46.5)

0.201

Scope type

  BF-Q290

83 (48.3)

38 (33.9)

0.012*

32 (32.3)

38 (38.4)

0.229

  BF-P290

89 (51.7)

74 (66.1)

67 (67.7)

61 (61.6)

Lesion character

  Indication (re-biopsy, %)

55 (32.0)

26 (23.2)

0.110

25 (25.3)

26 (26.3)

0.871

  Location (%)

    Right upper lobe

45 (26.2)

38 (33.9)

0.102

36 (36.4)

32 (32.3)

0.372

    Right middle lobe

22 (12.8)

11 (9.8)

0.445

11 (11.1)

9 (9.1)

0.637

    Right lower lobe

45 (26.2)

23 (20.5)

0.173

19 (19.2)

21 (21.2)

0.571

    Left upper division

27 (15.7)

24 (21.4)

0.219

20 (20.2)

22 (22.2)

0.728

    Left lingual lobe

15 (8.7)

7 (6.3)

0.447

6 (6.1)

7 (7.1)

0.774

    Left lower lobe

18 (10.5)

9 (8.0)

0.495

7 (7.1)

8 (8.1)

0.788

    Upper lobe (right upper lobe + left upper division)

72 (41.9)

62 (55.4)

0.026*

56 (56.7)

54 (54.5)

0.775

  Size (mm, range)

29.1 (8.4–71.3)

24.8 (8-71.1)

0.172

23.5 (8.4–59.4)

25.9 (8.2–71.1)

0.274

  Pleural distension (mm, range)

7.3 (0-61.5)

9.4 (0-58.3)

0.236

10.6 (0-61.5)

8.9 (0-58.3)

0.304

  Bronchus sign (%)

139 (80.8)

78 (69.6)

0.030*

71 (71.7)

72 (72.7)

0.874

  Appearance (%)

    Solid

160 (93.0)

91 (81.3)

0.002*

88 (88.9)

88 (88.9)

1.000

    Part solid

7 (4.1)

10 (8.9)

0.052

7 (7.1)

6 (6.1)

0.774

    Ground glass opacity

5 (2.9)

11 (9.8)

0.027*

4 (4.0)

5 (5.1)

0.733

  Visibility on radiograph (%)

143 (83.1)

85 (75.9)

0.134

71 (71.7)

77 (77.8)

0.326

  EBUS probe position (%)

    Within

144 (83.7)

74 (66.1)

0.001*

72 (72.7)

73 (73.7)

0.872

    Adjacent to

27 (15.7)

35 (31.25)

0.002*

26 (26.3)

25 (25.3)

0.571

    Invisible

1 (0.6)

3 (2.7)

0.171

1 (1.0)

1 (1.0)

0.751

  Malignant diagnosis (%)

145 (84.3)

84 (75)

0.053

84 (84.8)

82 (82.8)

0.699

Procedure characteristics

  Intra-procedural CBCT use (%)

    Total case

33 (19.2)

29 (25.9)

0.117

26 (26.3)

21 (21.2)

0.252

    Solid case

25/160 (15.6)

14/91 (15.4)

0.556

18/88 (20.5)

14/88 (15.9)

0.186

    Part solid case

4/7 (57.1)

7/10 (70)

0.484

4/7 (57.1)

4/6 (66.7)

0.587

    Ground glass opacity case

4/5 (80)

8/11 (72.7)

0.635

4/4 (100)

3/5 (60)

0.278

  Radiation dose (Gy.cm2)

    Total dose

27.3 (7.6-110.6)

29.2 (7.5-107.2)

0.456

30.1 (10.2-110.6)

27.5 (7.5-105.2)

0.463

    Dyna-CT dose

24.5 (6.4–107.0)

26.5 (6.8–103.0)

0.459

27.5 (9.0-106.9)

24.9 (6.8-102.2)

0.459

    Fluoroscopy dose

2.6 (0.1–11.8)

2.6 (0.1–12.0)

0.452

2.7 (0.1–11.8)

2.6 (0.1–12.0)

0.478

  Procedure duration (minutes, range)

46.7 (20–196)

49.7 (20–183)

0.716

48.7 (20–196)

48.5 (20–183)

0.851

Complications

  Bleeding (%)

    Severe bleeding (Grade 3 + 4)

3 (1.7)

2 (1.8)

0.979

2 (2.0)

2 (2.0)

1.000

    Grade 1

63 (36.6)

65 (58.0)

25 (25.3)

58 (58.6)

    Grade 2

80 (46.5)

41 (36.6)

48 (48.5)

38 (38.4)

    Grade 3

2 (1.2)

1 (0.9)

1 (1.0)

1 (1.0)

    Grade 4

1 (0.6)

1 (0.9)

1 (1.0)

1 (1.0)

  Pneumothorax (%)

2 (1.2)

0 (0)

0.252

2 (2.0)

0 (0)

0.155

  Fever (%)

5 (2.9)

3 (2.7)

0.909

2 (2.0)

3 (3.0)

0.651

  Hypoxia (%)

1 (0.6)

1 (0.9)

0.759

0 (0)

1 (1.0)

0.316

  Broken scope (%)

4 (2.3)

0 (0)

0.104

2 (2.0)

0 (0)

0.155