Fig. 3

Pre-treatment with 1% P80 spray protects HAE from tissue disruption and infection by Influenza A and B. (a) Pseudostratified epithelia were infected by apical addition of Influenza A (H3N2, left) and B (Influenza B, right) at MOIs 0.05 with or without 1% P80 pretreatment and incubated for up to 72 h (3 dpi). Uninfected samples treated with 1% P80 were used as negative controls (UI). TEER was measured on 2 dpi (left), 3 dpi (middle) and 4 dpi (right) using an EVOM volt-ohm-meter. TEER in Ω/cm² was determined for all conditions (UI, H3N2, H3N2/1% P80, Influenza B, Influenza B/1% P80) 1 dpi (1^st and 3^rd panel) and 2 dpi (2^nd and 4^th panel) and plotted on a bar graph. Bars represent the mean + SD from 3 independent pseudostratified epithelia. Statistical significance was calculated using One-way ANOVA with Tukey´s multiple comparisons test. (b, c) Viral RNA from apical (b) and basolateral (c) were analyzed from subnatants of UI, H3N2, H3N2/1% P80, Influenza B, and Influenza B/1% P80 cultures of pseudostratified epithelia on 3 dpi. The experiment was repeated at least 3 times and statistically significant differences were determined by one-way ANOVA with Tukey´s multiple comparisons test. All values are means ± SD