Fig. 1
From: Novel insights and new therapeutic potentials for macrophages in pulmonary hypertension
PH triggers induce macrophage activation and polarization. During the early stage, recruited and resident macrophages polarize to the M1 type in response to external stimuli. Then M2 type dominates the main polarization type of macrophages in the lung for tissue repair, as stimuli are constantly present. Macrophage activation and polarization are complex and consecutive processes, that cannot be simply regarded as separate and contradictory processes involved in PH progression