Fig. 1

(A) 3-week-old C57BL/6 mice were exposed to house dust mite extract (HDM) sensitisation and challenge over 2 weeks, followed by 8-weeks of cigarette smoke (CS) and HDM exposure. Control mice received saline (SAL) and exposed to room air (Sham). The growth of mice, as measured by (B) body weight gain and (C) tibia length was determined. For each biological group, n = 8. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, 2-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons across all groups and Tukey’s post-hoc test