Table 1 Baseline characteristics of all patients, BPA responders and non-responders

Demographics

 Age, years

59.5 (16.0)

58.2 ± 10.9

55.2 ± 14.4

0.341

 Female, n (%)

51 (67.1)

38 (67.9)

13 (65.0)

0.815

 BSA, cm²

1.7 (0.2)

1.7 ± 0.1

1.7 (0.3)

0.706

Echocardiography

 PASP, mmHg

86.9 ± 20.5

84.3 ± 21.1

94.1 ± 17.0

0.066

 TAPSE, mm

14.8 ± 3.3

15.3 ± 3.3

13.4 ± 2.8

0.030

 LVEI

1.3 (0.2)

1.3 (0.2)

1.5 ± 0.2

0.029

 TRV, cm/s

433 ± 58.1

425.9 ± 59.9

456.0 ± 47.2

0.046

 D_IVC, mm

22.4 ± 4.7

22.0 ± 4.8

23.7 ± 4.1

0.164

 S', cm/s

9.1 (2.5)

9.1 (3.0)

9.1 (1.5)

0.729

 RIMP

0.8 (0.3)

0.7 (0.3)

0.8 (0.2)

0.051

 FAC, %

29.4 ± 9.9

30.8 ± 9.9

25.7 ± 9.2

0.050

 RVEDA, cm²

25.3 ± 7.2

23.9 ± 6.9

29.1 ± 6.9

0.006

 RVESA, cm²

18.2 ± 6.8

16.9 ± 6.4

21.8 ± 6.6

0.006

 RV basal diameter, mm

45.9 ± 6.9

45.0 ± 6.7

47.5 (7.5)

0.119

 D_MPA, mm

32.0 (6.2)

31.0 (6.2)

33.2 (7.0)

0.296

 D_RPA, mm

24.0 (4.4)

23.0 (4.5)

24.9 ± 3.8

0.174

 D_LPA, mm

22.0 (4.0)

21.6 (3.4)

22.9 ± 3.8

0.225

 LVEF, %

65.2 ± 5.1

65.0 ± 5.5

66.0 ± 3.9

0.456

Strain parameters

 STE-RVFWLS, %

15.7 (7.6)

16.7 (6.1)

10.0 (2.3)

 < 0.001

 STE-RVGLS, %

13.4 ± 4.4

14.1 (5.6)

8.7 (2.6)

 < 0.001

Hemodynamics

 CVP, mmHg

8.1 ± 4.1

6.5 (5.0)

9.0 ± 3.2

0.154

 mPAP, mmHg

50.8 ± 10.4

50.3 ± 10.5

52.1 ± 10.3

0.547

 PVR, dyn·s·cm⁻⁵

888.7 ± 363.5

879.6 ± 373.2

914.4 ± 342.8

0.528

 PCWP, mmHg

9.0 (5.5)

9.0 (6.0)

10.0 (8.0)

0.426

 CO, L/min

3.9 (1.4)

4.1 ± 1.1

3.9 ± 1.3

0.640

 CI, L/min/m²

2.3 ± 0.5

2.3 ± 0.5

2.2 ± 0.5

0.564

Clinical indicators

 WHO FC

  I/II/III/IV

4/40/29/3

2/35/16/1

2/5/13/2

0.001

  6WMD, m

385.5 (126.0)

393.0 (104.0)

312.0 (232.5)

0.019

  NT-proBNP, ng/L

675.0 (1858.0)

542 (1214.0)

1647 (2441.8)

0.011

BPA procedures

 Number of BPA sessions

5 (3)

5 ± 2

4 ± 2

0.465

 Time Interval, days

331.0 (446.0)

331.0 (472.3)

334.5 (439.0)

0.986